Rampart Scandal

Abstract This paper looks at the history of the Los Angeles Police Department as it relates to police culture and several major incidents leading up to the Rampart Scandal. The police culture of a young LAPD ultimately seemed to linger and affect the LAPD of today. The lack of supervision and positive community interaction seemed to solidify the primitive police culture. The History of Police Culture Leading to the Rampart Scandal The Los Angeles Police Department is one of the biggest and most innovative police departments in the world that has been in existence since 1853.The LAPD encompasses nearly 468 square miles in over 19 divisions and employing nearly 10,000 sworn police officers to police a population of roughly 4 million people (Los Angeles Police Department, 2012). When many people think of police, they often have visions of old television re-runs of Adam 12 or Dragnet, both of which were police shows with officers and detectives from the Los Angeles Police Department. The television programs depicted officers and detectives conducting their investigations, where the officers maintained absolute professionalism when making arrests or dealing with the public.These television programs never told the true story of crime and life out on the street or the real people that police it every day. The Los Angeles Police Department has had a very colorful history as it has led to modern times. The Zoot Suit Riots of 1943, the Watts Riots of 1965, the Rodney King Riots of 1992 and the Rampart Scandal all have had an impact on the LAPD and law enforcement in general, as well as how the public perceives police and their mission.In 1926, when Chief James Davis ran the LAPD, he gave a directive to his officers to rid the city of the â€Å"gun toting element and rum smugglers†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , and if his officers showed mercy to these people that he would reprimand them for that behavior (The LAPD:1926-1950, 2012). The mentality of Chief James Davis is where the LAPD e ssentially started, in a time when there was no true equality of citizens. The police officers were threatened with the possibility of losing their jobs if they showed mercy to people that they dealt with on the streets.With that type of attitude, the police and citizens did not have any type of a working relationship to solve problems or create an atmosphere of trust with the general public; only fear. There have been many Police Chiefs since that time and many have attempted to change the atmosphere in which the officers operate and treat each other and the citizens. Chief Willliam Parker ran the LAPD from 1950 until his death in 1966. Chief Parker was able to desegregate the LAPD and he allowed minority officers to work areas where they traditionally weren’t allowed to work before due to their minority status.Chief Parker also created a â€Å"professional† model of policing so as to cope with the rising population with a small amount of police officers (Martin, 2009 ). Despite the fact that change in how the LAPD dealt with the population was coming, the underlying attitude amongst most officers was that they were the law and they could do most anything that they felt needed to be done. To feed to this totalitarian attitude, the LAPD has had to deal with many civil unrest situations like the Watts Riots of 1965.The Watts Riots stemmed from an arrest of an African American subject named Marquette Frye that took place in the Watts neighborhood on Los Angeles. An altercation started possibly out of frustration with the lack of employment, housing and quality schools in the Watts area and turned into six days of riotous behavior in that poverty stricken area of Los Angeles. The LAPD as well as members of the National Guard were deployed to quell the violence on the streets (Unknown, 2012).The riot cost the lives of thirty-four people and created an even bigger rift with the LAPD and the community in which it serves. The police culture that had been passed on to generations of LAPD officers was one that was truly inconsistent with what law enforcement should be about. This came from an era where racial segregation was common in various parts of the country but civil rights began to become a hot topic in the world. The way in which officers of the LAPD dealt with people while interacting and doing their jobs was such an ineffective way of enforcing the laws as they were meant to be enforced.Many times the personal rights of individuals guaranteed under the United States Constitution were trampled on just because the attitudes of those in charge of both the police and the courts were primitive. Chief Daryl Gates took the helm of the LAPD in 1976 and he was creative in his ideas on how to modernize the LAPD. Chief Gates was there during the 80’s when gang-related violence was at an all-time high and something had to be done to effectively combat the problem. Community Policing philosophy was not a new idea at this point, b ut it had not been effectively implemented to cause any change. Chief Gates had the LAPD begin is form of â€Å"proactive† or iron fist policing tactics by implementing Operation Hammer in the streets in 1987. Operation Hammer was a police officer overload by the C. R. A. S. H. officers (Community Resources Against Street Hoodlums) in a certain area that has been experiencing numerous acts of gang-violence and officers enforce laws with ferocity using a zero-tolerance attitude with everybody in the neighborhood. This type of policing countered with other community policing programs that were in place to ensure that residents of these impoverished neighborhoods were being provided resources to help their situations (Sahagan, 1990).Operation Hammer was not just a way for the LAPD to take violent criminals off the streets, but some have said that it was LAPD’s way of sending a message to the violent offenders to stop the violence. Officers during these various â€Å"oper ations† were not only searching and seizing items of evidence, but destroying property and disrespecting family of the gang members they sought to arrest. These tactics were not effective and did nothing to combat the crime but seemed to enrage the citizens of those neighborhoods to cause further community relations problems for the LAPD.The distrust with the public and the LAPD continued to get worse until March 1991, when officers from the LAPD began chasing a speeding vehicle in their jurisdiction from the freeway. Rodney King was the driver of that speeding vehicle and he led officers on a chase that ultimately ended in a neighborhood area, where residents were woken up and videotaped recorders began recording. The videotape showed Rodney King being beaten numerous times with police batons at the hands of officers of the LAPD. The result was that the videotaped beating was given to the news media, which aired the footage to the world.The public outcry wanted the officers c harged for using excessive force upon Rodney King, which resulted in four officers being charged for using excessive force and ultimately acquitted of all charges. The response to the verdicts sparked complete civil unrest in the South Central area of Los Angeles, where the original beating took place. Initial rioters became enraged at the fact that an incident that was videotaped for the world to see could not convict police officers of excessive force. The riots lasted a total of six days and damage was estimated at one billion dollars.At this point, there was no relationship with the LAPD and the impoverished areas of Los Angeles and crime seemed to run rampant. The attitude of the LAPD had not evolved with the world’s views on civil rights and it had been proven based on the various riots and scandals of this era of the LAPD. I feel that in some ways, attempts had been made at this point to try and connect with the community but the weak attempts failed. LAPD continued to use their iron fist approach to handling problems, which history has showed that it was not effective enough to cause change.This attitude caused the LAPD to stand still while the world around was continuing to evolve and grow, which ultimately caused many issues for the LAPD and the city of Los Angeles. During the LA Riots, a young officer named Rafael Perez had been learning the skills of the job to move to the most sought after specialty positions such as narcotics and C. R. A. S. H. positions. When Rafael Perez, a native of Puerto Rico, was a child growing up he had ironically envisioned himself as being a Los Angeles Police Officer like the ones that he watched on the television program â€Å"Adam-12†.Rafael Perez ended up landing a police officer job with the LAPD in 1989, a time when tension amongst police officers and the communities it served was at a boiling point (Cannon, 2000). Many officers, ultimately found to be involved in some type of scandal or wrongdoing w ithin the LAPD had been hired within the same time period and had grown up with the LAPD police culture. Rafael Perez and many other officers involved in the Rampart Scandal, including Kevin Gaines, David Mack, and Nino Durden were hired in a time period between 1988 and 1990.Some critics say that these officers and many other officers that have partaken in misconduct of a criminal nature were hired at a time when there were federal rules of affirmative action hiring practices. These federal rules forced agencies, such as the LAPD to hire minority candidates and lower standards based on race and sex. When hiring standards for candidates of any job, much less a law enforcement job are lowered then the candidates are less desireable, regardless of race or sex. A statistical analysis of data from the U. S.Department of Justice from economist John Lott found that â€Å"aggressive† affirmative action hiring practices requiring a quota for hiring minority officers increased crime r ates. The report reads â€Å"When affirmative action rules take over†¦ the result is a reduced quality of officers† (Golab, 2005) With the federal regulations requiring affirmative action hiring practices, police departments, including the LAPD got away from the traditional hiring practices. Normally police officers are chosen as good candidates when they are hired on value-based hiring practices.The practices are to look thoroughly into the candidate’s background, mental background and learn about the candidate and his/her morals and values. When affirmative action regulations take over, value-based hiring practices are not used due to the fact that a minority quota is put in place instead of hiring the best quality candidate regardless of race or sex. In the case of the LAPD, this type of hiring practice allowed people like Rafael Perez, David Mack and the rest to take the law into their own hands and victimize citizens of Los Angeles.Once the officers in the Ra mpart Scandal were hired onto the LAPD, they learned how to do their jobs and in some instances came off as model police officers. Many of these officers received awards and commendations for the work that they had done while employed with the LAPD. Although I don’t know the entire career of these officers, it seems likely that their careers started with very minor â€Å"perks† being given to them as a result of their position of authority. Officers on this slippery-slope model of police corruption are brought into grafting subcultures that are already involved in this sort of corrupt and illegal activity.Once the newer officers of the group begin their path on the slippery-slope of corruption, it is often difficult for them to ever come back. This is due to them being a part of previous corruption, where other members of the grafting subculture group were witness to, and there is now fear amongst the members of the corruption being discovered. In the case of the LAPD, it appeared that the officers found to be involved in the corruption, had been involved for quite some time.The investigation into the Rampart Scandal began with the investigation into a shooting death of an off-duty LAPD officer by an on-duty LAPD narcotics detective. When investigators began looking into this case, they found that the off-duty officer that was killed, named Kevin Gaines had been involved with Death Row Records. Death Row Records was owned and run by a Piru-Blood gang member named Suge Knight. Kevin Gaines was also alleged to be involved with the Piru-Blood gang. As investigators looked deeper they found several LAPD officers working for Death Row Records and being involved in the Piru-Blood gang.A incident occurred on November 6, 1997 when the Bank of America branch in South Central Los Angeles was robbed at gun point. Two men entered the bank and demanded money from the customer service manager and she gave them approximately $722,000. When robbery detectives be gan investigating the crime, they were able to question the customer service manager extensively and she revealed that the bank robbery was an â€Å"inside job†, with the main suspect being her boyfriend and LAPD officer David Mack.Two days after the bank robbery, David Mack and Rafael Perez had gone to Las Vegas to celebrate. Investigators were learning that Rafael Perez had a relationship with each of these other officers and Rafael Perez was even thought to have been the second suspect in the bank robbery. When questioned about the bank robbery and his relationship with David Mack, Rafael Perez denied any involvement with the robbery but said that David Mack had saved his life when they worked in a narcotics unit together (Cannon, 2000).While investigators were looking for clues in the Kevin Gaines shooting and the Mack bank robbery, the LAPD began investigating the theft of six pounds of cocaine from the evidence storage by one of their officers. The officer was Rafael Pe rez and he had already been suspected of being associated with Kevin Gaines and David Mack. Rafael Perez also had a connection to Death Row Records and had gang ties to the Piru-Blood gang. Rafael was a member of the C. R. A. S. H. anti-gang unit at the time, which was a unit that had quickly gained a reputation for playing hardball with gang members but also for being corrupt.Investigators would soon learn that many other officers in the Rampart Division were a part of the noble cause corruption that seemed to run rampant in that division. David Mack was convicted of federal bank robbery charges and was sentenced to fourteen years in prison, even though the money was never recovered and the other suspect has never been identified. Rafael Perez was able to negotiate a sentence of five years in prison in exchange for Rafael Perez’s cooperation in identifying additional corruption of other officers within the Rampart Division of the LAPD (Cannon, 2000).The LAPD administration a nd the LA District Attorney’s Office felt that too many incidents of corruption were coming out of the Rampart Division and this was a fair way to make sure that they cleaned up the division and go after the corrupt officers. Rafael Perez talked with investigators about the socialization to C. R. A. S. H. and how officers new to the unit are treated and tested to see if they are trustworthy enough to be part of the corruption that was taking place. He also stated that the supervisors knew about the corruption and even encouraged officers to do whatever it took to make arrests and bring in uns, drugs and money from the streets (Caldero & Crank, 2004). Some citizens of the area seemed to think that what C. R. A. S. H. unit officers were doing to rid the streets of thugs and gang members was worth it to keep them safe. Others had differing feelings regarding the way officers acted, as many innocent people not affiliated with any gangs were caught up in the fray. Rafael Perez det ailed to investigators about the patterns of corruption that were used by C. R. A. S. H. unit officers. This included using the INS to deport gang members or people that associated with gang members.Often times â€Å"sweeps† were conducted and INS agents were used during these â€Å"sweeps† to get gang members off the streets. Using the INS for this purpose was strictly forbidden by the LAPD policies but seemed to be a common practice for members of the C. R. A. S. H. unit as a tactic. Other tactics that officers were using would be to plant guns and drugs on subjects, use violence against suspects, and to lie under oath during court proceedings all to ensure that gang members were prosecuted (Caldero & Crank, 2004).During investigators debriefs with Rafael Perez, he blamed the LAPD and the aggressive police culture that it has bred as the reason that he became a corrupt officer. The C. R. A. S. H. unit motto, which was printed over the office door read â€Å"We intim idate those who intimidate others. † Rafael Perez said that he developed that US vs. THEM attitude that many police officers develop over time of working with and around hardened criminals. He blamed the supervisors and management of the LAPD for expecting high numbers of arrests and seizures as a catalyst for the accepted corrupt police culture amongst the C.R. A. S. H. officers (Cannon, 2000). Rafael Perez told investigators about a time when he and fellow C. R. A. S. H. unit officer Nino Durden shot an unarmed gang member, Javier Ovando. The shooting resulted out of a second contact with Ovando for trespassing, but the clear motive for the shooting is still not known. Durden and Perez planted a gun on Ovando after the shooting and Ovando was later charged and convicted for assault on a police officer with a firearm.Investigators knew that Rafael Perez had lied about many of the details of the shooting of Ovando, and this called into question the other corruption cases that Rafael Perez had been telling investigators about (Cannon, 2000). The corruption cases that have been learned from the Rampart Division Scandal prompted the US Department of Justice to mandate LAPD to enter into a consent decree. The Assistant Attorney General accused the LAPD of â€Å"engaging in a pattern or practice of excessive force, false arrests, and unreasonable searches and seizures in violation of the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments to the Constitution. (unknown, 2012) The consent decree was used as a tool to reform the police culture of the LAPD and to hold the LAPD accountable for violations of policy and procedure as well as criminal laws by officers of the LAPD. I feel that the history of the LAPD is the history of what we call modern day policing. LAPD has been so inventive and they have led the way in innovation in some regards. The attitudes of past leaders of the LAPD caused a police culture that was that of rough and tumble and not willing to â€Å"take shitâ⠂¬  from anybody.This type of attitude was prevalent for many years and spread to most police agencies, becoming the way to do police work. LAPD did not change with the times and continued with the attitude that they were above the law ultimately causing corruption to run rampant throughout the ranks. Understanding the history of the LAPD and the police culture that it has promoted, the consent decree was a necessary thing that has been used to reel in the aggressive tactics of officers that seemingly went unsupervised.The federal consent decree caused the LAPD to revisit the policies and procedures that were supposed to have been used by officers and supervisors alike. All personnel received additional training to hold each individual accountable to what they were responsible for. The future of the LAPD is one that many outsiders will look on with baited breath to see if the consent decree helped with changing aggressive police culture and problems associated with it. Only time wi ll tell to see if they (LAPD) learned their lesson and realize that they are there to uphold the laws and protect lives and property. ReferencesLos Angeles Police Department. (2012). Retrieved from lapdonline. org The LAPD:1926-1950. (2012). Retrieved from The Official Site of the Los Angeles Police Department: lapdonline. org/history_of_the_lapd/content_basic_view/1109 Caldero, M. , & Crank, J. P. (2004). Police Ethics: The Corruption of Noble Cause,Second Edition. Matthew Bender & Company, Inc. Cannon, L. (2000, October 1). One Bad Cop. Retrieved from The New York Times Magazine: http://www. truthinjustice. org/20001001mag-lapd. html Golab, J. (2005, June). How Racial P. C. Corrupted the LAPD (and Possibly Your Local Force as Well). The American Enterprise, 16(4).Retrieved from http://www. questia. com/library/1G1-132678217/how-racial-p-c-corrupted-the-lapd-and-possibly-your Martin, G. B. (2009, January 28). LAPD Chief Parker:a product of his time. Retrieved from LA Times: www. la times. com/news/opinion Sahagan, L. (1990, December 25). Parents called Vital to ‘Operation Hammer'. Retrieved from LA Times: http://articles. latimes. com/1990-12-25/local/me-7125_1_operation-hammer unknown. (2012). The Aftermath. Retrieved from Frontline: www. pbs. org Unknown. (2012, April 30). Watts Riots. Retrieved from Civil Rights Digital Library: http://crdl. usg. edu/events/watts_riots/

Imposing the Affirmative Action

â€Å"Affirmative action was originally designed to help minorities, but women-especially white women-have made the greatest gains as a result of these programs†(Gross, 1996). Affirmative action is a growing argument among our society. It is multifaceted and very often defined vaguely. Many people define affirmative action as the ability to strive for equality and inclusiveness. Others might see it as a quote-based system for different minority groups. I agree and support affirmative actions in that Individuals should be treated equally. I feel affirmative action, as an assurance that the best qualified person will receive the job. Is affirmative action fair? In 1974, a woman named Rose was turned down for a supervisory job in favor of a male. She was told that she was the most qualified person, but the position was going to be filled by a man, because he had a family to support. Five years before that, when Rose was about to fill an entry-level position in banking, a personnel officer outlined the woman†s pay scale, which was $25 to $50 month less than what men were being paid for the same position. Rose was furious because she felt This was discriminating to her. She confronted the personnel officer and he saw nothing wrong with it. Thanks to affirmative action today things like these situations are becoming more rare and/or corrected more quickly. Affirmative action has definitely helped women and minorities in their careers, but it has yet to succeed in the goal of equality to the fullest for the business world to women and minorities. Some observers argue that women have made huge strides! With the help of affirmative action. They now hold 40 percent of all corporate middle-management jobs, and the number of women-owned businesses has grown by 57 percent since 1982†³(Blackwood, 1995). â€Å"Affirmative action was designed to give qualified minorities a chance to compete on equal footing with Whites† (Chappell, 1995). Equal opportunities for the blacks, for the most part, have remained more wishful thinking than fact. Black students are continuing to struggle to seek an education, black business owners are still competing against their White counterparts, and black workers are experiencing an unemployment rate twice that of Whites and hold dead-end, labor-intensive, low-paying jobs. â€Å"Few can argue that racism is still rampant in awarding jobs and educational opportunities, even though it†s been proven beneficial to have people of different races with different ideas and different experiences working toward the same goal† (Chappell, 1995). The employment outlook for minorities is grim, but not hopeless. We definitely need affirmative action to overcome the disparities of employment that exist in his country. A recent Urban Benchmarks† study found that of 71 metro areas surveyed nationwide, Pittsburgh had the highest rate of employment-related problems among non-Hispanic whites between the ages of 25 and 54 and the sixth highest rate among African Americans in the same age group. We have a lot of problems with basic education here and if you don†t have basic education, you have no chance of getting a good job because competition is increasing for everyone. We must make sure that we educate our potential work force, including minorities, or our competitive edge, if we have one, will continue to decline in global markets. Many jobs today are in the technician and technologist area. â€Å"Jobs require more than a high-school diploma, but less than a four-year degree–such as an associate degree or certificate from a vocational or trade school† (Kovatch, 1996). As more and more women faced discrimination in large firms, more decided to strike out on their own. In conclusion, most Americans know that the deck is stacked against poor kids. They also realize that, because of past discrimination, an extraordinary number of those facing unequal opportunities are black. So, while 75 percent of Americans oppose racial preferences, according to a 1995 Washington Post/ABC poll, two-thirds with to â€Å"change† affirmative action programs rather than â€Å"do away with them entirely†. But the public also realized that, in real life, the legacy of discrimination is not always so neat. It is diffuse, and it requires a broader remedy. Imposing the Affirmative Action â€Å"Affirmative action was originally designed to help minorities, but women-especially white women-have made the greatest gains as a result of these programs†(Gross, 1996). Affirmative action is a growing argument among our society. It is multifaceted and very often defined vaguely. Many people define affirmative action as the ability to strive for equality and inclusiveness. Others might see it as a quote-based system for different minority groups. I agree and support affirmative actions in that Individuals should be treated equally. I feel affirmative action, as an assurance that the best qualified person will receive the job. Is affirmative action fair? In 1974, a woman named Rose was turned down for a supervisory job in favor of a male. She was told that she was the most qualified person, but the position was going to be filled by a man, because he had a family to support. Five years before that, when Rose was about to fill an entry-level position in banking, a personnel officer outlined the woman†s pay scale, which was $25 to $50 month less than what men were being paid for the same position. Rose was furious because she felt This was discriminating to her. She confronted the personnel officer and he saw nothing wrong with it. Thanks to affirmative action today things like these situations are becoming more rare and/or corrected more quickly. Affirmative action has definitely helped women and minorities in their careers, but it has yet to succeed in the goal of equality to the fullest for the business world to women and minorities. Some observers argue that women have made huge strides! With the help of affirmative action. They now hold 40 percent of all corporate middle-management jobs, and the number of women-owned businesses has grown by 57 percent since 1982†³(Blackwood, 1995). â€Å"Affirmative action was designed to give qualified minorities a chance to compete on equal footing with Whites† (Chappell, 1995). Equal opportunities for the blacks, for the most part, have remained more wishful thinking than fact. Black students are continuing to struggle to seek an education, black business owners are still competing against their White counterparts, and black workers are experiencing an unemployment rate twice that of Whites and hold dead-end, labor-intensive, low-paying jobs. â€Å"Few can argue that racism is still rampant in awarding jobs and educational opportunities, even though it†s been proven beneficial to have people of different races with different ideas and different experiences working toward the same goal† (Chappell, 1995). The employment outlook for minorities is grim, but not hopeless. We definitely need affirmative action to overcome the disparities of employment that exist in his country. A recent Urban Benchmarks† study found that of 71 metro areas surveyed nationwide, Pittsburgh had the highest rate of employment-related problems among non-Hispanic whites between the ages of 25 and 54 and the sixth highest rate among African Americans in the same age group. We have a lot of problems with basic education here and if you don†t have basic education, you have no chance of getting a good job because competition is increasing for everyone. We must make sure that we educate our potential work force, including minorities, or our competitive edge, if we have one, will continue to decline in global markets. Many jobs today are in the technician and technologist area. â€Å"Jobs require more than a high-school diploma, but less than a four-year degree–such as an associate degree or certificate from a vocational or trade school† (Kovatch, 1996). As more and more women faced discrimination in large firms, more decided to strike out on their own. In conclusion, most Americans know that the deck is stacked against poor kids. They also realize that, because of past discrimination, an extraordinary number of those facing unequal opportunities are black. So, while 75 percent of Americans oppose racial preferences, according to a 1995 Washington Post/ABC poll, two-thirds with to â€Å"change† affirmative action programs rather than â€Å"do away with them entirely†. But the public also realized that, in real life, the legacy of discrimination is not always so neat. It is diffuse, and it requires a broader remedy.

Drama Analysis on Hamlet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Drama Analysis on Hamlet - Essay Example And even when love is present, it is suppressed and treated as a stumbling block in one’s quest for control such as the case of Hamlet who denied himself the love of Ophelia. The characters’ obsession of who would be in control was so intense that the old Hamlet, the former King of Denmark was killed by his own brother Claudius just to assume his position as King and to take over his court. Familial relationship or any form of kinship was secondary to the consideration of who would take control and this could be nonchalantly disregarded when it impedes the objective of getting the crown. Old Hamlet was slain by his own blood brother, and to aggravate, his death was covered by lies that he even enjoin the kingdom to mourn with him. And to make things worse, Claudius, old Hamlet’s murderous brother Claudius married his wife Gertrude who was technically Claudius sister-in-law before Claudius murdered his brother Hamlet. This is to gain control of the king’s f amily in addition to seizing control of the King’s court by being crowned as King (Churnin). Apparently, the contest of who would be in control extends beyond the grave. The old King Hamlet will not be put away just like that even if he was murdered. This act of reappearing even as a ghost is beyond the quest of justice but rather a refusal to relinquish power and control (Lewis 611) by planting hatred in the heart of Prince Hamlet by letting him know that old Hamlet died of crime which is evident in these lines; Doom'd for a certain term to walk the night, And for the day confined to fast in fires, Till the foul crimes done in my days of nature ... dent in these lines; Doom'd for a certain term to walk the night,     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   And for the day confined to fast in fires,     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Till the foul crimes done in my days of nature That instead of asking the young Hamlet to bring Claudius his uncle to justice, the ghost Hamlet instead asked for revenge quoting; Revenge his foul and most unnatural murder Claudius on the other hand put a show of having crocodile tears on the death of his brother Hamlet so that people will not prosecute him as a murderer but will instead become sympathetic to him by his show of grief which he in turn can use to gain control over the court. Claudius elaborate show of grief even enjoins the whole kingdom to mourn as if it was not him who murdered the old Hamlet by saying; Though yet of Hamlet our dear brother's death   The memory be green, and that it us befitted     Ã‚  To bear our hearts in grief and our whole kingdom     Ã‚  To be contracted in one brow of woe,     Ã‚  Ye t so far hath discretion fought with nature     Ã‚  That we with wisest sorrow think on him,     Ã‚  Together with remembrance of ourselves. This cunning device to deceive the public was Claudius effort to gain control on the throne (Roe 376). But the old king will not just easily give up control on the throne as he showed himself to the young Hamlet to tell him that he was murdered. More than justice, it was control that the old king was after as he does not want his murderer to assume control of the kingdom. This revelation has a profound effect towards the young Hamlet as he is now preoccupied with hatred to avenge his father that he could no longer think of anything else except revenge. He could have been happy by diverting his attention to other things that could make him happy such as being with the woman he love such as

Managing Food and Beverage Operations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Managing Food and Beverage Operations - Essay Example One of the key aspects that have led to the success of the Chinese restaurant is the introduction of two managerial posts that includes the kitchen manager and the food service manager. The major role of the food service manager is to handle all the cases that relate to the human resource as well as administrative duties. In order to create strong positive relationship with his or her employees either in the kitchen or in the services section, the manager is supposed to empower employees leading to a higher level of motivation. As depicted by John and Jennifer 2008, kitchen manager have various duties that includes controlling other staff in the kitchen as well as ensuring maximum safety in the kitchen as depicted by the law. One of the major aspects that make the Chinese restaurant to attain a competitive edge in the market is the introduction of a menu that covers all the items as needed by the customers. In addition, the restaurant takes into consideration the cultural diversity o f its customers. This is depicted by the introduction of an English and Chinese menu. To create strong customer awareness the restaurant indicates the various ingredients that are used to prepare the various foods prepared in the kitchen. The restaurant delivers it services in an excellent way thus leading to customer satisfaction. For example, through standard recipe the restaurant has a control of the quantity as well as quality of the food prepared in the kitchen. Key aspects as indicated by John and Jennifer (2008) that are covered by the standard recipe include portion size, ingredient lists, cooking time and temperatures, menu item name among others. Likewise, the restaurant image is enhanced by the attractive decoration, appropriate layout as well as efficient sitting plan. According to Graham (2006) the history and the style of the food is a major consideration during decorating of a restaurant. Similarly, Graham and Oxley (2003) argue that servicescapes also referred to as built environment plays a vital role of enhancing personal traits, customer satisfaction in a restaurant. As a guest to the restaurant I am not only attracted by the wide range of information that guides me in the purchasing process but also by the effective flow of services both in the kitchen and in the service section. As argued by Graham (2001), work flow in the kitchen is an aspect that ensured continuity in the production and offering high class services to the customers. Use of the right equipment is one of the primary aspects that have resulted to efficient work flow in the kitchen. The adoption of food safety is another aspect that has made the restaurant to attain a competitive edge in the market. It is worth to note that safety of the employees and food cannot be overlooked in any restaurant. In its effort to ensure that all its food is safe, the restaurant emulates the Hazard Analyses Critical Control Point (HACCP). According to Almanza et al, (2000) HACCP is an approach that is employed by firms dealing with food and beverages to identify evaluate and control food safety hazards.

Case study - company's strategy Research Proposal

Case study - company's strategy - Research Proposal Example The industry information that Mercury is using is far too old to be of any use to the company. A market report cites increasing consumer confidence as the global economy continued to emerge from the post-9/11 recession (A $500 million opportunity in womans better apparel, 2004). Today, financial markets throughout the world are going through convulsions as virtually everyone wonders what the future will bring, whether it will be a corrective recession or full depression. Ellen Blake of Denbleyker Financial notes in her analysis of the company that "Q4 earnings dropped slightly below expectations during 4Q due to a variety of small economic and execution surprises. Management appears to have a good handle on these issues now, and we believe that the stock is a good value at these prices" as Denbleyker Financial raised its assessment of Mercury stock to "Buy" in January 2008. Mercury does not present a threat to Nike and Adidas since it only comprise 9 percent of the global market; thus, it will not be watched by bigger competitors so it is free to chart its own course. However, it has not yet achieved a double-digit share of the global market among adults. The shift should focus on the "tween" market – those who have parents buy shoes for them now, and who later will buy their own. This market segment when taken cared of can be a solid base of customers in the long-term. 1. Continue with current marketing efforts to adult markets and maintain current market share, however, due to recession, marketing tactics should be made. Preserving current market share also will preserve the upward trend in total sales. The third alternative is the choice which is continuing current adult focus but also increasing attention to â€Å"tween â€Å"and teen markets. This is supported by a large study indicating that outside of school hours, each week "people between the ages of 13 and 24 spend 16.7 hours online †¦ 13.6 hours watching

Restoring Toyotas Reputation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Restoring Toyotas Reputation - Essay Example The blow based on reputation was very damaging (Costea 2010). The first thing Toyota should have done is to clarify any point that the consumer needed to know more about the problem that had caused the recalling of cars. Toyota actually did this right as good management would do. They came up with a way to confront the criticism put forward and to respond to any questions and points that needed clarification to the consumer. Their strategy to handle all the inquisitions was through social media using Social Digs, Twitter and Facebook (Toyota 2009). The next step would be to immediately identify where they had gone wrong during the production that affected the quality of the final product. Somewhere along the line of production an error must have occurred to cause the problem that would come to affect the quality and thus damage the reputation of Toyota (Ohnsman and Kitamura 2010). After performing this review and identifying where the production had gone wrong, they should have mende d that loophole. The better way of dealing with this was for the management to change the system of reviewing quality in cars. This would build some confidence and form assurance of a proper method of evaluating quality to the consumers who have become distrustful of the current method of checking for quality. If the management changes the evaluation system and makes this public, they will reassure the public of good quality and in turn revive their reputation (Anon, 2010). The Toyota management should also try to make policies that consider the customer’s point of view in their implementation. They should not make cars with the quality that they feel they need to be producing, but they should make cars with the quality standards that their customers need in a car, making the production be all about what the customer needs. There was a lot of speculation on the cause of the acceleration in the Toyota cars. Some of the critics even cited a ridiculous claim such as electric fau lts in the cars (Kaufman 2010). The management should thus have fit the Toyota cars with an event data recorder that would record all the data a car outputs, and thus the cause of the problem would have been quickly identified, hence avoiding speculation from critics that would be more damaging to the product. The company should also have set up regional technical offices to help evaluate the cars needed to recall. In 2009, they had to recall entire shipments of cars. There was no evaluation on the status of the car regionally, which led to massive recalling. Analysis at a regional level would have reduced the number of cars being taken back to the company greatly by solving some of the technical issues regionally. The Toyota has raised its reputation since the 2009 crisis, and it was rated at number 74 as of 2012 (Davis 2012). Coming up with a new managerial structure that is set to achieve proper marketing of the product will see them get their competitive edge back and rise to th e level they were before. One such structure is the organisation of the TNGA planning division that will see the company realise the Toyota Global Vision (Toyota 2013). To sustain Toyota’s competitive advantage, they have come up with a Kaizen approach in lean production. The Kaizen approach involves continual development and implementation of new better changes in its method of production. It brings in team effort and the opinion of each team player is considered and evaluated on the improvement in the production system. This system has great improvement in the

Planning and Organizing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Planning and Organizing - Assignment Example They also operate a mailing service, in which they offer product design, mailing list compilation, and actual mailing of materials. The firm recently began to market a line of apparel customized for industrial firms with printed company and personal identification. Planning Planning is considered as the central function of the management and pervades every action which a manger performs. The planning function tends to involve defining and setting goals and how to achieve them and integrate and coordinate them to reach the set goal (Sims, 9). Based on the information of the printing firm, the objective and goal of the firm would be to expand its business through its diversification strategy and aims to increase its turnover and enhance the organizational structure. Therefore to analyze the firm’s present and future situation, SWOT analyze a strategic planning method used to analyze the strength, weakness, opportunity and threats of the firm (Ferrel and Hartline, 122). Strength: The printing firm has a relevant experience of about 50years adding it to the list of strengths. The firm has adopted the diversification strategy both related field ad unrelated field seeking to achieve a competitive advantage. Adopted the low cost strategy which has resulted in profits for the firm The staff constitute of family members reducing the chance of fraud Sales is high and has a gross operating margin of 40% Weakness High competition with the direct sellers resulting in limited markup and volume the firm has been experiencing loss for the past 2 years, volume reduced to $3million from $5million The firm do not provide training programs to its staff Basic structural pattern is one of non cooperation and mistrust among employees and management Opportunity Mailing service has growth opportunity in the market and can be prime source of revenue and profit expansion in different market and products provide a better organization structure leading to motivation and efficient wo rking provide training programs Threats Competition in various field like printing, apparels, mailing from big firms Conflict in the organization Depressed economic climate Therefore based on the SWOT analyses it can be said that the firm aims to be among the top most printing firms in Baltimore and with its diversification strategy can capture the market share in respective market with its new and improved products. The firm to encourage effective and efficient work should provide training programs so that they are able to handle the work more sincerely and with more dedication. It has a growth opportunity in mailing serve and if utilize properly it has the potential to increase its revenue and create a brand name in the sector. The firm should use its strength to overcome its weakness and use the opportunity so to overcome the threats. Organizing The printing press constitute of 35 employees which includes family members also. The president do not provides the authority to take an y decisions to the vice president as he is not sure about their ability as well knowledge although they tend to have 5years of experience. The President can be said to have adopted the autocratic leadership style as he centralizes power and decision making and take the full responsibility and authority (Mehrotra, 7). Therefore based on the leadership style it can be said th

Internet Security IT Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Internet Security IT - Research Paper Example In fact antisocial elements are creating new viruses every day and it is difficult to prevent such attacks. A proper antivirus software can prevent many of the virus attacks. However, such antivirus programs should be updated quite regularly to prevent attacks from newer viruses. â€Å"A basic and key way of staying secure is to make sure you rapidly deploy software updates, such as operating system and browser updates. Make sure too that patches, particularly security patches, are installed as soon as available† (How to deal with Internet security threats) â€Å"If you have ever used an installation program to install system or service software (as nearly every company has), and you have not removed unnecessary services and installed all security patches, then your computer system is vulnerable to hacker attack† (The Top 10 Most Critical Internet Security Threats - (2000-2001 Archive). While installing third party programs, spywares and malwares can also be get install ed in the computer. Many people have the habit of installing free software even if it may not be useful. Majority of the free software available for download contains malware and spyware to monitor the internet activities of the user and also to steal the username and passwords. It is better to avoid installation of free software from unauthorized or non-credible sources. Moreover, under no circumstances, credit card numbers or bank account numbers should be given to the internet sites which have least protection. Before giving such private details, it should be ensured that those sites have enough security certificates and start with https instead of http. While using usernames and passwords for opening sensitive internet accounts, easy to guess type of words or names should be avoided. Under no circumstances, a hacker should not be able to guess a username or password correctly. Pass words should contain alphabets as well as characters and numbers so that hackers may struggle to i dentify it. â€Å"For operating systems, default installations always include extraneous services and corresponding open ports. Attackers break into systems via these ports† (The Top 10 Most Critical Internet Security Threats - (2000-2001 Archive). So, while installing essential software, care should be taken to avoid unwanted services so that the number of open ports can be minimized. â€Å"The top Web-based attacks in 2009 targeted Internet Explorer and PDF readers. Users tend to trust PDF files because they don't think of them as executing anything; however, embedded code in the PDF can carry malware†(Mushthaler and Mushthaler). The above information clearly suggests that even software from trusted and reputed vendors may contain malicious things. Firewalls should be strengthened in order to block the attacks of malicious things such as viruses, spyware etc. All the information entering and leaving the computer should pass through a properly created firewall so that any malpractices can be detected. â€Å"Firewall is combined with other security functions, including (in many cases) web application firewalling (WAF), sometimes also known as deep packet inspection (DPI)† (How To Deal With Internet Security Threats) Trojan software is considered to be the most harmful in terms of E-Commerce security due to its ability to secretly connect and send confidential information. These programs are developed for the specific purpose of communicating without the

Qualitative research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Qualitative research - Essay Example Researchers use coding process to connect data obtained from various research topics in qualitative research. Coding process helps in generating the main theme of the study and relating data collected. During the analysis of qualitative information, the first step involves the organization of data collected. The researcher organizes transcripts during used to collect the information. Data collected though video or record modes are formatted properly in order to make them understandable (Houser, 2011). If the information collected was with transcripts and video, then the two needs harmonization to help build on the theme of study. Otherwise, the data collected would be challenging to interpret. Second step involves reviewing the interviews conducted using the data source by coding. Codes obtained from the review process helps in identification of the main theme of the study (Houser, 2011). The codes may be inductive or deductive. In inductive coding, the information understood from the data assist in making thematic conclusion as opposed to deductive theme that results from experience of the researcher or theory based on the topic. Coding of information is possible using computer programs. Jeanfreau, S. G., & Jack, L. (2010). Appraising Qualitative Research in Health Education: Guidelines for Public Health Educators. Health Promotion Practice, 11(5), 612–617.

Tourism in Philippine Essay Example for Free

Tourism in Philippine Essay The Philippine tourism industry flourished in the 1970s and early 1980s but declined in the mid 1980s, with the average length of tourist stay falling from 12. 6 days in earlier years to 8. 9 days in 1988. In 1987, tourism growth was slower in the Philippines than in other Southeast Asian countries. About 1. 2 million tourists visited the Philippines in 1992, which was a record high in the number of tourist visits since 1989. In 2000, the Philippines tourist arrivals totaled 2. 2 million. In 2003, it totaled 2,838,000, a growth of almost 29%, and was expected to grow as much as 3. 4 million in 2007. In the first quarter of 2007, the tourist arrival in the Philippines grew as much as 20% in same period last year. In 2011, the Department of Tourism recorded 3. 9 million tourists visiting the country,[5] 11. 2 percent higher than the 3. 5 million registered in 2010. In 2012, the Philippines recorded 4. 27 million tourist arrivals, after the Department of Tourism launched a widely publicized tourism marketing campaign titled Its More Fun In the Philippines. The tourism industry employed 3. 8 million Filipinos, or 10. 2 per cent of national employment in 2011, according to data gathered by the National Statistical Coordination Board. In a greater thrust by the Aquino administration to pump billions of dollars into the sector, tourism is expected to employ 7. 4 million people by 2016, or about 18. 8 per cent of the total workforce, contributing 8 per cent to 9 per cent to the nations GDP. Read more: Reasons Why Its More Fun in the Philippines

Impact of immigration: The UK hospitality sector

Impact of immigration: The UK hospitality sector Immigration may be defined as a process of movement of people into a country for various purposes like education, tourism, job etc. The most significant immigration movement may be observed as the tourists movement for the purpose of leisure and holiday. A very important aspect associated with the immigration process is the enrichment of the culture. However there have also been the instances of the unauthorised movement of the refugees into a nation. This is a drawback. Immigration process has a positive impact on the developed economy like UK. Hospitality and Tourism sector contributes to as much as 6% in the GDP of the nation. The significant contribution is due to the availability of the business opportunities for the facilities like hotels, tour planners, business events organizers, motels, outings planners, etc. The people, who are involved in rendering these services to the tourist, serve the need of the people in a foreign nation and at the same time generate the employment opportunities as well. Immigration figures reveal that the Europe has recorded largest number of immigrants viz. 70.6 million in year 2005. UK has witnessed the major immigration since World War II. The prisoners and the workers who were brought into the country to help to rebuild the post war situation have remained in the nation and become an integral part of the nation. Research Objectives: The objectives of the dissertation are to study the Current Immigration Legislation of UK identify its Impact on the Hospitality and Tourism Industry. Rationale of the project: The rationale of the project is to to study the Current Immigration Legislation of UK identify its Impact on the Hospitality and Tourism Industry. The research also undertakes the motivation related aspects to drive the people interest towards UK tourism, which is highly cost effective, and impacts of the achievement of these objectives. Research methodology: The Research Methodology comprises of formulation definition of problem, which will include a detailed study, and investigation of the issues pertaining to the motivation and strategies of the UK hospitality and tourism issues as per the immigration legislation of UK. The study will comprise of the identification of the major drivers and cost aspects associated with the immigration legislation of UK. The usage of the UK immigration legislation involved in the smooth adoption of the changing mindset among tourists and the people directly or indirectly involved in the hospitality sector, which will be in due course of time be the key to success. A survey will be conducted to analyze the current Immigration Legislation of UK and its Impact on the Hospitality and Tourism Industry. Impact of Immigration on hospitality sector of UK The hospitality sector of UK is very diverse in nature. This sector comprises of 14 industries that includes hotels to catering services to cleaning services. The turnover of hospitality sector of UK is around 135 $ billion every year. This sector employs 1.9 million of people in more than 180,000 establishments. Most of the people are employed by private sector and around 500,000 people provide their hospitality services to other sectors like education and all (People 1st 2006a). Most of the small enterprises that employ ten people account for 75 percent of hospitality industry of UK and among them most of the enterprises are part of large organizations (Lucas 2004). The labor employed by the hospitality sector of UK account for 45 percent of labor market (People 1st 2006a). The 1.9 million of people employed in the hospitality sector represent 7 percent of overall working population of UK. Among 1.9 million of people most of the people are employed by restaurants of UK. The workforce of hospitality industry in UK consists of young people, student, women, ethnic groups, and migrants (Wood, 1997). Anderson et al, (2006) stated that Most of the immigrants stay in a country for a limited period of time like most of Eastern European migrants stay in UK for a limited period of time and returns to their home countries and thereby affecting the hospitality and other sectors of UK. In order to correct this situation Minister David Lammy stated that british employers should only impact proper training to their employees rather than developing reliance on their workers (Caterer, 2007). Earlier migrants in UK usually worked in back of functions like kitchen services, and other services where in they have to limit their interaction with their customers like room service or cleaners (Anderson et al, 2007). Most of non-British people in hospitality sector are hotel porters rather than mangers. As shown in (LFS, 2007) survey there are around 23.4 non-British hotel porters and 8.6 percent of hotel managers. Migrants in hospitality sector of UK share commonalities with British workers in their long working hours, minimum pay or holiday allowances and other employment practices. (Wright and Pollert, 2006). Hospitality and Tourism sector of Ireland In order to study the impact of immigration on the hospitality and tourism industry we are targeting only one country of UK in our research in order to make our research work more comprehensive and valuable that is Ireland. The hospitality and tourism sector is the most important sector of Ireland. It is the large employer for immigrants in UK. The hospitality and tourism sector currently employ more than 130,000 workers and among them 30 percent are immigrants (autumn 2007). The number of immigrants employed in this sector is more than double the entire Ireland economy. In the year 2004 Ireland invited immigrants in their labor market and majority of immigrants are from Eastern Europe. In hospitality sector there has been a massive increase in immigrants from 5,700 in 2004 to 22,500 in the year 2007. The hospitality sector of Ireland consists of small and medium sized properties. There are around 854 hotels in Ireland with the total room capacity of 45,773 according to survey of tourism business and employment in the year 2005. There has been an increase in the room capacity of Ireland hospitality industry of around 5000 rooms from the year 2001 (Failte, 2005). There are many hotel properties in Ireland like Dublin that has 143 hotels, the West that has 137 hotels and many more. There are 2,542 licensed restaurants in Ireland in the year 2005 (Failte Ireland, 2005b) that were located in the Dublin region, eastern and southern region of Ireland. There are also unlicensed in Ireland that account for 1,316 premises (Failte Ireland, 2005c) In the year 2003 Tourism policy Review group was established in order to view the economic growth of hospitality and tourism Industry of Ireland due to increased number of visitors from million in the year 2003 to 10 million visitors in the year 2012 as predicted by Tourism Policy review group. The aim objective of establishing this group is to attract and recruit skilled workers in Ireland and enhance the economic condition of Ireland (Fà ¡ilte Ireland, 2005d). As stated by Failte in the year (2005d), Immigration in ireland will lead to various changes like in demographic factors of Ireland like changes in the age structure of Irish population, immigration will lead to tough competition for domestic workers and will lead to shortage of laborers for the hospitality sector (Failte Ireland, 2005d) Migrants and Employment As Stated above the total employment in hotel and restaurants grew from 112,600 in the year 2004 to 130000 in the year 2007. This shows that there have been increase in the employment rate of 15 percent. From the above diagram we can say that the total employment in Ireland grew from 1894,000 to 2,141,000 i.e. an increase of 13 percent can be seen in the employment rate in Ireland only. The growth in the employment rate was rapid in this sector other than any other sectors of Ireland. From the above table we can also see that the number of Irish population employed by this sector is reducing whereby the number of other nationalities people employed by this sector is increasing rapidly and hence the number of migrants employed by this sector is increasing rapidly. As shown in the above figure the number of immigrants employed by this sector has been increased from 18 percent in the year 2004 to 30%. The total number of migrants employed by Ireland alone has rise from 6 percent in the year 2004 to 12 percent in the year 2007. Immigration has become of the most important factor in UK due to increased foreign born population in UK over the past 40 years. The rapid increase in the level of immigration has challenged the domestic labor market due to increase number of foreign born workers in UK. Immigration has also resulted into various benefits like eliminating the shortage of labor supply in the market, enhancing the work ethic and raising the productivity level, helps in developing good trade relations with their home countries. Impact of Immigration on hospitality sector of UK The hospitality sector of UK consists of various industries like hotels, restaurants, and public houses. Today migrant labors play an important role in hospitality sector of UK due to availability of huge number of migrants that are motivated to work for longer hour at a lower cost and that is the reason why immigration laws play an important role in hiring labor in the labor market. Today many employers are concerned with the immigration law because tightening of immigration laws will have a negative impact for employers to utilize the capabilities of low cost workers and will affect their profits. The turnover of UK hospitality sector from their 14 industries is around $ 135 billion every year. The number of people employed by hospitality sector of UK is around 1.9 million people. Majority of people are employed by the private sector of hospitality industry and around 500000 people provide their hospitality serves in other sectors like education, and other sectors. (People 1st 2006a). The workforce of 1.9 million people employed by this sector of UK represents 7 percent of overall population in UK. In UK restaurants employ huge number of people and 57 people employed by them are women. The workforce of hospitality sector of UK consists of young people, women, ethnic and migrants (Lucas, 2004). Dickinson et al, (2008), Migrant Workers: Economic Issues and Opportunities, SQW Consuliting, ViewPoint Series, Issue 2 The availability of cheap airline travel has enabled free movement of people across the globe. Over a period of 10 years there has been a huge immigration in European Union. The huge membership of immigration in European Union and relatively strong economy of UK has resulted into large inward immigration in UK. Over the period of 15 years there has been a huge inward immigration in UK. The rise in immigration in UK started from 1997. From the year 1991 to 2000 the net inward migration in England of nearly 1.9 million and the migration in UK was on its peak in the year 2004 that is of 2,36,000 migration. In UK there has been huge inflow of migration from various countries. This paper looks at the scale of recent in-migration and its economic contours, rather than the implications of migration for public services and the housing market. It highlights a number of issues that regional, sub-regional and local organisations need to address if they are to promote sustainable economic competitiveness, in the context of large-scale international labour flows: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ successfully filling vacancies in high-skilled sectors to drive productivity by ensuring the necessary amenities are in place to attract and keep mobile workers with skills that are in demand à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ maintaining the competitiveness of businesses by incorporating the learning and practices of migrant workers à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ making the most of the mix of complementary skills that in-migration brings so that people concentrate their time on the activities they are most suited to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ using migrant workers skills to the maximum effect in order to raise productivity and minimise competition for low paid/low skilled work often involving support in speaking English and gaining access to social networks with up-to-date job information à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ developing a similar work ethic among all parts of the labour force employers often cite migrant workers work ethic as a reason for employing them over UK-born workers à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ developing strategies for the long term viability of firms and sectors that appear to be reliant on a supply of low-paid, low-skilled workers from overseas. Immigration There is a huge growth in the share of immigration in UK. As shown below there has been huge growth in the working age immigration population in UK. Over the period of 15 years there has been 6.8 million immigration in UK. But in the year last quarter of 2008 UK has experienced decline in the number of immigrants due to economic downturn. The data on immigration comes from two sources: the Labour Force Survey (LFS) and International Passenger Survey (IPS). As per LFS the rate of inflow immigrants in UK has been falling from 2006 where as according to IPS the immigrants flow in UK is stable from 2006 to 2009. And the net inflow of immigration in UK is decreasing from 2007 from the highest inflow level of 200,000 to the current level of 147,000. The level of immigration depends on two factors economic performance of the country and its immigration policy. In UK immigration basically depends on its economic performance and its immigration policy. The immigration policy of UK follows a points-based immigration system that is UK aimed to restrict immigration from outside EU and encourage those people that are skilled. But in practice the number of people that comes in UK is for study or family reunion rather that work related reasons. Today immigration has increased in all countries over a period of time. The level of immigration has increased from 10.7% in the year 1998 to 13.8% in the year 2007. There are many countries that have experienced growth in their immigration level like Spain, Austria, Ireland and US (OECD, 2009). UK is ranked on the average level in terms of immigration i.e. the number of immigrants that come in UK. In UK the level of immigration has increased in all regions. London is one of the countries in UK that has experienced a high level of immigration. Where do immigrants settle? While the stock of immigrants has risen in all regions over time, it has risen most in London. Although there is some evidence to suggest that new immigrants are more regionally dispersed than in the past, immigrants constituted 39% of Londons population in 2009 (see Figure 2). The geographical dispersion of immigrant share across local areas is much larger. Around 60% of the working age populations of Brent and Westminster were born overseas compared with less than 3% of the populations of Knowsley or Redcar Cleveland. Benefits of Immigration Immigration leads to various benefits. It helps labor to move across the borders and ensure to do good job at good place. Immigration helps to reduce shortage of labor from the market. UK is a huge market and therefore it attracts huge labors. In UK there are labor shortages in some areas like in retail and hospitality sector due to huge turnover and high demand for skilled workers. The other advantages of immigration are immigrants are typically younger and are expert in some niches and helps company to balance their pension provision. Immigration also helps economy to grow through producing goods and services for the economy. Some experts stated that immigration leads to reduce the wage of workers that are in direct competition with them. Immigration on the other hand leads to high cost due to huge demand for their housing, health and other welfare facilities. Immigration has become one of the most important issues in UK. There has been rapid growth in the population of UK due to immigration from the year 1990. It was predicted that the population of UK will grow at rapid level from 60.6 million in the year 2006 to 71.1 million by 2031(ONS, 2006) and two third of the population growth in UK will be from immigration in UK. Immigration in UK in the year 2006 has achieved a high record of 591,000 people coming in UK. Immigration is not the only issue seen in UK. Today due to growth in global migration immigration is the main important factor of population growth in various countries. The growth of migration has resulted from various factors like changes in political factors, availability of cheap communication, and availability of opportunities in various countries. The major factor of movement of population is due to cheap air travel which encouraged many people to travel easily at various parts of globe for business visit purpose or leisure trips. In UK, Immigration and hospitality are associated directly and contribute towards the GDP of the nation. The association is mutually beneficial and helps the legislation planners in making appropriate provisions. Till now, this factor has been absolutely ignored by the planners, as the critical relationship that exists between hospitality and the immigration was not given adequate focus. As per the recent data published by the UKs Bureau of Labour Statistic to an extent of about 1.6 million hotel restaurant employees in the UK are immigrants or other individuals that have been foreign nationals. By 2003, it was a recorded fact that to an extent of one quarter of food service managers, have been born abroad thereby making the hotel restaurant industry a hospitality based sector that have employed one of the most diversified cross-cultural section of employees that have been immigrated from the diversified background and culture. During last few years, UK has introduced several immigration rules as a part of immigration legislation which comprises of the procedures like, naturalization, Visa services, tourist work permit and UK working visa. These rules form critical planning parameters for the hospitality and tourism industry in the country. The idea behind the opening of these opportunities is to benefit by the immigration of the highly skilled people. In UK the program of the immigration of highly skilled people is known by the name of highly skilled Migrant Programme (HSMP). The UK government introduced the program in its legislation, in year January 2002. This has been a successful effort. With the advent of the HSMP, hospitality sector has received a high boost. In UK, however the Tier-1 has replaced HSMP. This is a part of the five tier points based system used by UKs new strategic plan that is supposed to cater to the associated needs like study, training, work etc. These new routes are developed towards the enrichment of the hospitality sector. With the high skilled people the trend is however to seek extensions so as to remain under Tier 1. For Indian immigrants in UK, they are required to file the initial highly skilled migrant applications that are mandatory under the Tier 1 (General) rules. This was followed by the rest of the world on 30 June 2008 as the Tier 1 (General) scheme fully replaced the HSMP. The immigrant supported Visa program is processed by the UK Border Agency. It takes a period of several months for the processing of the UK visa application. It is due to various reasons that delays occur specially one may seek the whole day there and later on find that the applicant has failed to submit all the relevant documentation. Keeping in mind the above lags the UK Border agency has opened several counters that are authorized to seek the application form for the visa application and submit visa. This is another example of the planned hospitality that is benefiting the people willing to make entry into the nation. Mayer Brown,( 2009), Global Hospitality Leisure Update. Impact of immigration legislation on hospitality Tourism Industry of UK There is a huge impact of immigration on hospitality tourism industry of UK. The major impact of immigration in UK is on the Labour market of UK. In order to improve the labout market of UK the government of UK has developed new policies regulations. The new regulations of UK make it simply for UK employers to hire new immigrations in domestic market by putting more responsibilities on UK employers whereby employers has to keep a regular check maintain a up to-date records of immigrations. According toThe British Hospitality Association there are around 1.5 million people in UK hospitality tourism sector among which 23 percent of employees are foreigners in UK. In order to reduce the impact of immigrations on UK labour market the governemtn of UK is using a three effective strategies that are there should be increased penalities for offenders, the employer should strictly follow the employment law while employing foreigners in their organizations and all employers should implemen t a new point based system for skilled workers (Mayer Brown,2009). According to the government of UK, any employers that hire illegal workers in their organization will be charged with a fine of upto  £10,000 per illegal worker. And if the employers hire illegal immigrants in their organization knowingly then the employers will charged with an unlimited fine with 2 years of imprisonment. As this law was enforced in the year 2007 in UK, the largest fine charged by UK government till now is of  £30,000. The nest strategy of UK government in order to restrict immigration in their country is by enforcing strict regulation regarding employment law in UK. Employers are charged with a fine if they are caught for hiring illegal workers or immigrants in their organizations. In the year 2007 only 15 employers in UK were caught for hiring illegal immigrants in their organizations. And in the year 2008 500 cases were seen for hiring illegal immigrants in their organizations. The government of UK has also restricted the illegal hiring of employees from the t hird party also. According to Government of UK, those organizations that outsource their work from the third party will also be liable if they are found to hire illegal immigrants knowingly or unknowingly(Mayer Brown,2009). The third strategy used by government of UK in order to restrict ineffective immigration in their country was by implementing new points based system. The implementation of new points-based system for skilled workers was the most important strategy of government of UK to improve immigration law in their country. The new points-based system was based on Australian model that replace the earlier work permit scheme in UK (Mayer Brown,2009).. The new points- based system of UK needed employers of UK to obtain a license that is issued by UK Broder agency so as to offer jobs to skilled workers. An employer that has enabled license has to obtain sponsorship certificate to employ foreigners if the skilled vacancy is not filled in by the resident workers. Before employing migrant the employers have to advertise about the vacancy in newspaper for minimum 2 weeks and if in these 2 weeks no resident is eligible for the vacancy then employer can issue certificate to employ skilled migrants. Apart from this the employees have to attaint certain number of points for qualifications, earning, English speaking skills. All these requirements need to be fulfilled by immigrants in order to be employed in UK. But certain exemptions are possible for internal transfers for those occupations wherein there is a huge requirement for workers. In hospitality Tourism industry of UK only chefs are required due to major shortage of chefs in UK oth er than this no other workers are required or fall under shortage occupations (Mayer Brown,2009).. Hospitality and Tourism sector of Ireland In order to study the impact of immigration on the hospitality and tourism industry we are targeting only one country of UK in our research in order to make our research work more comprehensive and valuable that is Ireland. The hospitality and tourism sector is the most important sector of Ireland. It is the large employer for immigrants in UK. The hospitality and tourism sector currently employ more than 130,000 workers and among them 30 percent are immigrants (autumn 2007). The number of immigrants employed in this sector is more than double the entire Ireland economy. In the year 2004 Ireland invited immigrants in their labor market and majority of immigrants are from Eastern Europe. In hospitality sector there has been a massive increase in immigrants from 5,700 in 2004 to 22,500 in the year 2007. The hospitality sector of Ireland consists of small and medium sized properties. There are around 854 hotels in Ireland with the total room capacity of 45,773 according to survey of tourism business and employment in the year 2005. There has been an increase in the room capacity of Ireland hospitality industry of around 5000 rooms from the year 2001 (Failte, 2005). There are many hotel properties in Ireland like Dublin that has 143 hotels, the West that has 137 hotels and many more. There are 2,542 licensed restaurants in Ireland in the year 2005 (Failte Ireland, 2005b) that were located in the Dublin region, eastern and southern region of Ireland. There are also unlicensed in Ireland that account for 1,316 premises (Failte Ireland, 2005c) In the year 2003 Tourism policy Review group was established in order to view the economic growth of hospitality and tourism Industry of Ireland due to increased number of visitors from million in the year 2003 to 10 million visitors in the year 2012 as predicted by Tourism Policy review group. The aim objective of establishing this group is to attract and recruit skilled workers in Ireland and enhance the economic condition of Ireland (Fà ¡ilte Ireland, 2005d). As stated by Failte in the year (2005d), Immigration in Ireland was lead to various changes like in demographic factors of Ireland like changes in the age structure of Irish population, immigration also lead to tough competition for domestic workers and shortage of laborers for the hospitality sector (Failte Ireland, 2005d) The impact of immigration on Employment Policy of Ireland The following table depicts the employment in Ireland As Stated above the total employment in hotel and restaurants grew from 112,600 in the year 2004 to 130000 in the year 2007. This shows that there have been increase in the employment rate of 15 percent. From the above diagram we can say that the total employment in Ireland grew from 1894,000 to 2,141,000 i.e. an increase of 13 percent can be seen in the employment rate in Ireland only. The growth in the employment rate was rapid in this sector other than any other sectors of Ireland. From the above table we can also see that the number of Irish population employed by this sector is reducing whereby the number of other nationalities people employed by this sector is increasing rapidly and hence the number of migrants employed by this sector is increasing rapidly. As shown in the above figure the number of immigrants employed by this sector has been increased from 18 percent in the year 2004 to 30%. The total number of migrants employed by Ireland alone has rise from 6 percent in the year 2004 to 12 percent in the year 2007. The impact of immigration on trade union membership The trade union membership in Ireland is decreasing. The drop in the trade union membership is faster among men than women and the reduction of trade union membership is faster amongst non-Irish employees. Trade Union membership in Ireland, 1994-2002 As shown above the trade union membership is falling among all employees from 1994 to 2004. Traditionally the density of trade union is higher in Dublin than any other part of the country but now it is lower in Dublin. As stated by Grainger Crowther, 2007, the data on trade union membership on Ireland shows that trade union membership is higher by women than men and the membership rises with the employees qualifications with their occupations. In hospitality tourism sector of UK, the trade union membership in 1994 was over one fifth of all employees but from 2004 it was decreasing drastically. And in hotels restaurants the fall was largest in the same period. Trade Union Membership in Hospitality sector in 2006 The micro-data survey of QNHS stated that in 2006 overall trade union membership has decreased to 32.2 percent. It also stated that the overall trade union membership in hospitality sector of Ireland was merely 9 percent which is the lowest amongst the entire sector other than agriculture. The table shows that in hospitality sector the density of trade union membership is lower among women that among men in hospitality sector and the immigrants women membership were only 1.6 percent. Pay and Occupational Structure of hospitality sector of Ireland Some jobs in hospitality sector of Ireland are well paid jobs. The below table shows the wage structure all the sectors of Ireland. The above table shows that the average weekly earnings of hospitality sector is lowest than the entire service sector. The analysis done by QNHS shows that this sector has a large number of low skilled workers and have limited professional and limited number or administrative workers in this sector. Hotels restaurants: Occupational structure 2001 2006 The above table shows that majority of jobs in this sector are classified as personal protective sector and other services are managers administrators, professional and all. Impact of Immigration on hospitality sector of UK The hospitality sector of UK is very diverse in nature. This sector comprises of 14 industries that includes hotels to catering services to cleaning services. The turnover of hospitality sector of UK is around 135 $ billion every year. This sector employs 1.9 million of people in more than 180,000 establishments. Most of the people are employed by private sector and around 500,000 people provide their hospitality services to other sectors like education and all (People 1st 2006a). Most of the small enterprises that employ ten people account for 75 percent of hospitality industry of UK and among them most of the enterprises are part of large organizations (Lucas 2004). The labor employed by the hospitality sector of UK account for 45 percent of labor market (People 1st 2006a). The 1.9 million of people employed in the hospitality sector represent 7 percent of overall working population of UK. Among 1.9 million of people most of the people are employed by restaurants of UK. The workforce of hospitality industry in UK consists of young people, student, women, ethnic groups, and migrants (Wood, 1997). Anderson et al, (2006) stated that Most of the immigrants stay in a country for a limited period of time like most of Eastern European migrants stay in UK for a limited period of time and returns to their home countries and thereby affecting the hospitality and other sectors of UK. In order to correct this situation Minister David Lammy stated that british employers should only impact proper training to their employees rather than developing reliance on their workers (Caterer, 2007). Earlier migrants in UK usually worked in back of functions like kitchen services, and other services where in they have to limit their interaction with their customers like room service or cleaners (Anderson et al, 2007). Most of non-British people in hospitality sector are hotel porters rather than mangers. As shown in (LFS,

Huck?s Moral Lessons And His Changing Attitude Toward Jim :: essays research papers fc

In many ways, to understand the novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Mark Twain, the reader must also know a little about the author. Mark Twain was one of the many pen names of Samuel Langhorne Clemens. He was born in 1835 and grew up in the Mississippi River town of Hannibal, Missouri. Twain is considered the father of modern American literature, primarily because of this novel. Numerous schools have banned this novel from their reading lists because they believe it to be racist. The ironic part of this is that Clemens was an abolitionist. He hoped that people would understand and be able to see the unfairness and horrors of slavery by reading his book and seeing what slavery does to people. This book is set in the year 1852 in the south. It is a coming of age novel about an adolescent boy named Huckleberry Finn. In this early stage of his life, Huckleberry is taught many of life’s lessons that will help him deal with events that may occur later on in his life. Huck fakes his death in order to run away from his alcoholic father and his caretaker, Mrs. Watson, and also to escape from being â€Å"sivilized†. While floating down the Mississippi River, he meets Jim, the runaway slave who is owned by Mrs. Watson. His life begins to change when he is faced with many moral struggles along the way. He has to fight against society’s views, which conflict with his views. One of the most significant moral struggles that confronts him is the issue of slavery. Throughout the novel, Huck Finn becomes more self-reliant and mature. He begins to understand the evil in slavery and he realizes that he must follow his own conscience in his actions towards Jim. Even at the beginning of the novel, before Huck has gotten a chance to explore what he believes is right, Huck has grown tired of dealing with society and what society thinks is right and civilized. He says, "The Widow Douglas she took me for her son, and allowed she would sivilize me...I got into my old rags and my sugar hogshead again, and was free and satisfied (1)." Huck prefers living free and being able to think what he wants, rather than being â€Å"sivilized.† When Huck escapes from society, he runs into Jim at Jackson Island and is very happy to see him.

God Chosen Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  God’s chosen examples. When God calls you must answer, my Baptist preacher bellows from his pulpit. Everyone has a purpose on this earth, but God has chosen a special few to help him carry out his divine plan, he continues. Countless Sunday mornings I spent listening to my pastor preaching about man’s encounters with God. He explains the significance of the encounters to the people of antiquity and he even relates the encounters to our every day lives. If one has met with God and seen His glory he is truly blessed. My pastor is correct no man has walked away from an encounter with God without being blessed, or the experience altering his life. Each divine experience occurs under very different circumstances, but all of them end with man having a better understanding of his purpose on this earth. The character could wrestle with the Lord and demand a blessing, like Jacob, or like Moses he could have been drawn to God by his own curiosity. The Lord came to Elijah when he was at the lowest point of his life and he wanted nothing more than to die, and He blessed him. Isaiah volunteered to help God to teach to the people of Israel, and the Lord blessed Isaiah for his enthusiasm. Job’s encounter with God is a combination of each of the above experiences. His experience exemplifies the individual relationship with God. The encounters with God may appear to be similar and indeed they do have common elements, but there is an important difference in the way God selects each character to fulfill his mission. In the early encounters, God selects the individuals. He calls and they answer. Towards the end the accounts however, the characters go in search for God’s blessing, unlike their early counterparts they demand or challenge God and their enthusiasm is rewarded. The different episodes show the gradual change between God and humanity. Throughout the accounts in the Bible God has loses favor with man, and this loss of favor is due chiefly to man’s failure to obey God ’s laws. God’s selection of His chosen people reflects clearly God’s love for the early patriarchs. God did love the later characters, but towards the end of the accounts God loses a tremendous amount of faith in humanity. Nonetheless the God does bless all whom He encounters, and His presence to each character help... ...ion of how an individual could find favor in God. The answer was even if one has nothing and can not stand on your own have faith in God and He will prevail. Job’s story gave individuals hope, because even if God was angry with the group one might be saved if he lived right and had faith. The story summed up the tenacious attitude of Jacob, the curiosity of Moses, the downtrodden sprit of Elijah and the humility of Isaiah. The story of Job was an every man story, because it combined tenants, which all men could relate to their lives. God blesses all everyone who recognizes and accepts His power. From Job’s story humanity is given guidelines to follow in order to be blessed by God. Jacob and Moses’ stories demonstrate God’s earlier position on the condition of humanity, and later character’s stories depict how the relationship disappears over time. After the story of Isaiah, man feels abandoned and all hope seems lost. However, the prophecy of the Messiah by of Isaiah and Job rejuvenates the hope of continuity for humanity. A promise, which was given to man a long time ago, but due to his disobedience over time man, has lost the essential tenants to uphold his end of the bargain.

Holiday Warfare :: Personal Narrative, Autobiographical Essay

Holiday Warfare Brave men of war have faced adversities both physical and mental and risen above them as butter from cream. Chivalry and conquest have carried soldiers from pole to pole and across the seven seas. Hardships of campaign life are legendary, and the iron men these trials created go down in history as examples to all mankind. I have faced battle under duress and have learned I am not a brave man. Shell-shock is partially defined as a "psycho neurotic condition akin to hysteria." To this day I am saddled with the memories of the day I was sent to battle in my Grandmother's kitchen. No man should have to endure these conditions. Women can, with impunity, set foot in the estrogenically charged atmosphere of Grandmother's kitchen on Thanksgiving Day; greater men than I, however, have been broken this way. Men of the world take heed, only the insanely brave or exceedingly foolish would choose to accept this near-suicide mission. Counting myself as the latter, I offer my tale as counsel. The day was overcast, cold and thoroughly November. I answered the call to arms with the eager sincerity of a private fresh from basic training. My Grandfather wept openly, fearing for my life as I bade him farewell. I entered a young soldier brimming with bravado; I returned a troubled man with bruised ego, clutching hard-won wisdom to my breast. The fact that women are vastly better equipped for a culinary tete-a-tete with Grandmother should have been apparent to me after the opening salvo, but I was too green, too new and shiny, to heed. "Have you seen your cousin George's new haircut yet, Denny?" asked Granny. Shot number one had been fired, and I did not even hear the air-raid sirens. "Yeah, I like it," I answered with none of the suspicion that has dogged me at holidays since my tour of duty. "It makes him look like a porcupine," chimed in my Aunt Molly, correctly answering the subtle part of the question and putting any doubts about the spike haircut and its social value to rest. "Uncle Dwight's been smoking again," Granny mentioned tersely.

Giant Pool of Money

In the story presented on the thematically. Org describes the process and the behavior patterns of parties involved. Mike Francis, Moody, and Standard and Poor represent the lending or investors side. When Mike Francis devised the mortgage backed securities which gave birth to Cods Investors jumped onto these securities based on AAA ratings given to these securities by rating agencies such as Moody, and Standard and Poor. These rating agencies did collect lot of data which were barely few years old. They did not have enough relevant and good quality data and collected data was simply to enough.These rating agencies used their preexisting theory – houses don't lose value In America – to Interpret the evidences that the performance of these securities were AAA (Heath, et al. 1998). Individuals use their preexisting theories to Interpret the evidence (Heath, et al. 1998) is a bias which played a major role here. The investors from the global pool of money jumped in with al l guns for these securities. As demand grew more and more these mortgages were bought and more and more securities were created to investors. The entire process showed a confirmation bias.People who took risky adjustable loans to buy houses which they really could not afford were essentially following other people. Since most of the people were buying houses by taking these loans, it made sense for other to replicate the act. Calling explains, In his book Influence Since and Practice (5th edition), this behavior as â€Å"the principle of social proof†. This principle states that we determine what Is correct by finding out what other people this Is correct (Lund et al. , 2007). Before 2000 most of people with low Income and low credit score were not able to afford buying the kind f house they bought during the period after 2000.In the radio program â€Å"Giant Pool of Money†, case of Clarence Nathan is presented. Clarence works 3 jobs, did not made good income and had b ad credit rating. â€Å"l wouldn't lend to myself† said Clarence. Even then he took the loan because everyone else was talking these kinds of loans and in fact the loan was made available to him. Even the behavior of investors, banks, and Wall Street followed the same pattern. Early on, investment banks were not interested in risky mortgages but when one bank started buying hose supreme mortgages others Jumped in. It was acceptable to invest in supreme mortgages.

Should tattoos be accepted in the workplace?

People say perception is everything. Potential employers judge people based on physical appearance, as do peers, potential mates, and clients. Tattoos are a big issue concerning how people judge appearance. While they can be offensive to coworkers and customers, tattoos should not be judged in the workplace because they are a way of expressing yourself, or your culture. â€Å"The tattooing craze spread to upper classes all over Europe in the nineteenth century. † (Global Oneness). Some feel tattoos were made for acupuncture relieving pain from joints.Other ideas range from social status and ritual markings to tribal marks or simple preference. â€Å"Tattooing has been practiced worldwide. The Ainu, the indigenous people of Japan, traditionally wore facial tattoos. Today one can find Berbers of Tamazgha of North Africa, Maori of New Zealand, and Atayal of Taiwan with facial tattoos. Tattooing was widespread among Polynesian peoples and among certain tribal groups in the Taiwan , Philippines, Borneo, Mentawai Islands, Africa, North America, South America, Mesoamerica, Europe, Japan,Cambodia, New Zealand and Micronesia.Despite some taboos surrounding tattooing, the art continues to be popular in many parts of the world. † (â€Å"Tattoos,† 2009) Taking their sartorial lead from the British Court, where King Edward VII followed King George V's lead in getting tattooed; King Frederik IX of Denmark, the King of Romania, Kaiser Wilhelm II, King Alexandar of Yugoslavia and even Czar Nicholas of Russia, all sported tattoos, many of them elaborate and ornate renditions of the Royal Coat of Arms or the Royal Family Crest. King Alfonso of modern Spain also has a tattoo. (Global Oneness). In present-day society, tattoos are becoming more common.In the USA many prisoners and criminal gangs use distinctive tattoos to indicate facts about their criminal behavior, prison sentences, and organizational affiliation. (Global Oneness). Body Art is a form of commun ication that is as old as the human race itself. Cultures around the world have used tattoos for religious, social, and spiritual reasons playing a significant role in setting a culture's morals and behavior patterns. However, many people used to associate the Bible, which states â€Å"Do not cut your bodies for the dead or put tattoo marks on yourselves. I am the LORD.† (Leviticus 19:27-29, Bible). Some religious beliefs are slightly different. For example, the fundamentalist Christians believe that one should not have tattoos because they are a â€Å"pagan practice. † Catholics however, believe marking yourself with tattoos is a personal choice open for personal interpretation. In the Jewish faith, marking one's body with tattoos has been thought to be such a desecration of the body that often times a tattooed individual could be denied burial in a Jewish cemetery. People tend to judge others by what the Bible has instructed us to believe.Tattoos are a way of express ing yourself individually. They are seen on entertainers, athletes and public figures. Author Jack London writes, â€Å"Show me a man with a tattoo and I'll show you a man with an interesting past. † Peggy Burke, dean of education and graduate studies, said tattoos can have a devastating effect on job opportunities in the education field. She also states, â€Å"Schools are extremely conservative institutions, and most parents consider teachers to be role models for their children,† she wrote in an e-mail.â€Å"Anything the school administrator views as a distraction in the classroom is very likely a negative factor. † As we move past our school years, we tend to look at role models in different views. Most forget their teachers and look for others as a role model. More than half the military members, athletes, and entertainers have tattoos. So the question is, why do people view them differently concerning tattoos? If teachers are considered role models, why sho uld they be judged on their appearances when they tend to have the same look as military members, athletes, and entertainers.Coworkers and customers see tattoos in different ways when dealing with business. Tattoos are much more acceptable in the gym than in the office. When dealing with stocks and bonds or selling real estate, tattoos might draw people away. Potential clients may be intimidated and lack confidence in your abilities as a professional. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology published in June 2006, about half of people in their 20s have either a tattoo or a body piercing other than traditional earrings.That figure, which is higher than the national average, is growing, said Anne Laumann, the study's co-author and a dermatologist at Northwestern University. Some employers are updating their dress codes while others are adding new rules to cover up tattoos. The problem that can arise is that the old stereotypes are being challenged and leading to lawsuits. Emplo yers are saying that in 10 years it may change, but suit-and-tie businesses may not. These types of employers are drawn more to the conservative type of dress codes.Qualifications should speak for themselves. In this day and age people are becoming more used to the ideas rather than relying on the past. When someone looks at you, they are not just looking at appearances anymore. They look at you as a person. It's about what's inside that matters the most. Almost everyone has something to bring to the table. That's why companies should look past appearances and look at the work done. Working with people with tattoos is no different from working with someone without tattoos.It doesn't make them less qualified. Looks are the first criteria we have to assess a person. We tend to feel comfortable around people who look like us. We believe that possessing tattoos makes someone a mean or dangerous person. The most important reason tattoos should not affect the workplace is because people s hould not be judged on their appearance but on their quality of work. Companies around the world are now starting to develop a more relaxed dress code for people with tattoos.This will help in getting more qualified people in the company without judging people on appearances but on their qualifications. All around businesses will get smarter and open up more jobs for people in need. Although tattoos can be offensive not only to coworkers but customers as well, tattoos should not affect the workplace for two main reasons. First, tattoos are a way of expressing yourself individually and should not be thought of as degrading one's self. But most importantly, people should not be judged on their appearance but on their quality of work.